.color-studies-page {
  padding-bottom: 42px;
}

.color-studies-hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(360px, 0.92fr);
  gap: 68px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 42px 0 56px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.color-studies-hero-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
  max-width: 680px;
}

.color-studies-hero h1,
.color-study-section h2,
.color-closing h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--title-serif);
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.color-studies-hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(42px, 4vw, 63px);
  line-height: 1.38;
}

.color-studies-hero-copy > p:not(.eyebrow),
.color-intro > p:last-child,
.section-heading > p,
.coordinate-card p,
.relation-card p,
.case-card p,
.reading-steps p,
.color-closing-copy > p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.85;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.color-studies-hero-copy .title-rule {
  margin: 3px 0 1px;
}

.hero-text-link,
.section-link,
.case-link,
.primary-link,
.secondary-link {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-text-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  width: max-content;
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: var(--gold);
}

.hero-text-link span {
  font-size: 19px;
}

.color-studies-hero-art {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 580px;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #2c5557;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.color-studies-hero-art::after {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent 48%, rgba(20, 29, 27, 0.6) 100%);
  content: "";
  pointer-events: none;
}

.color-studies-hero-art img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 580px;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 18%;
}

.color-studies-hero-art figcaption {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  right: 28px;
  bottom: 26px;
  left: 28px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 6px;
  color: #fff8e9;
}

.color-studies-hero-art figcaption span {
  color: #efd590;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.color-studies-hero-art figcaption strong {
  font-family: var(--title-serif);
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.1vw, 31px);
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

.hero-color-markers {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  top: 24px;
  left: 24px;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 7px;
  max-width: 230px;
}

.hero-color-markers span {
  padding: 7px 10px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 248, 233, 0.52);
  background: rgba(18, 37, 37, 0.46);
  color: #fff8e9;
  font: 700 12px/1 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.color-intro {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(180px, 0.23fr) minmax(0, 0.77fr);
  gap: 36px;
  padding: 30px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.color-intro > p:last-child {
  max-width: 900px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--title-serif);
  font-size: clamp(20px, 1.75vw, 27px);
  line-height: 1.65;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.color-start {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.58fr) minmax(300px, 0.42fr);
  gap: 56px;
  padding: 44px 5%;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 7% 5%, rgba(218, 175, 83, 0.2), transparent 15rem),
    rgba(255, 250, 241, 0.72);
}

.color-start-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
  max-width: 690px;
}

.color-start h2,
.color-continuing h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--title-serif);
  font-size: clamp(28px, 2.3vw, 37px);
  line-height: 1.34;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.color-start h2::after,
.color-continuing h2::after {
  display: block;
  width: 64px;
  height: 2px;
  margin-top: 18px;
  background: var(--gold);
  content: "";
}

.color-start-copy > p:not(.eyebrow),
.color-continuing-copy p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.82;
  word-break: keep-all;
}

.color-start-nav {
  display: grid;
  align-content: center;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.color-start-nav a {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 36px minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  min-height: 58px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--title-serif);
  font-size: 17px;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.color-start-nav a:hover {
  color: var(--gold);
}

.color-start-nav span {
  color: var(--gold);
  font: 700 12px/1 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

.color-start-nav b {
  color: var(--gold);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.color-study-section {
  padding: 54px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.section-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.62fr) minmax(260px, 0.38fr);
  gap: 54px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.section-heading h2,
.color-closing h2 {
  font-size: clamp(30px, 2.6vw, 42px);
  line-height: 1.34;
}

.section-heading h2::after {
  display: block;
  width: 78px;
  height: 2px;
  margin-top: 19px;
  background: var(--gold);
  content: "";
}

.section-heading > p {
  max-width: 510px;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
}

.coordinate-grid,
.relation-grid,
.case-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
}

.coordinate-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.coordinate-card {
  display: grid;
  gap: 17px;
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 19px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 250, 241, 0.62);
}

.card-number,
.relation-label,
.case-kicker {
  color: var(--gold);
  font: 700 13px/1 var(--serif);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.coordinate-visual {
  height: 128px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(96, 63, 31, 0.12);
}

.hue-visual {
  background: linear-gradient(112deg, #d7a12d 0 25%, #e9d3a1 25% 41%, #4c6657 41% 60%, #1c5e68 60% 78%, #3c2a1d 78% 100%);
}

.value-visual {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #1a120d, #5a3a1d, #a77b3b, #e7cb91, #fff9ea);
}

.saturation-visual {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #928c79, #a69a78, #b98935, #cf8313, #d26b0d);
}

.temperature-visual {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #225c65 0%, #6e9aa0 37%, #f5e3b9 57%, #d29626 78%, #9a541b 100%);
}

.coordinate-card h3,
.relation-card h3,
.case-card h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--title-serif);
  font-size: 24px;
  line-height: 1.22;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.coordinate-card h3 small {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 5px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

.coordinate-card p,
.relation-card p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.relation-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.relation-card {
  display: grid;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 15px;
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 24px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 250, 241, 0.66);
}

.relation-swatches {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  height: 110px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.relation-swatches span,
.case-swatches span {
  background: var(--color);
}

.related-swatches span:nth-child(1) { border-radius: 48px 0 0 0; }
.related-swatches span:nth-child(4) { border-radius: 0 0 48px 0; }
.complementary-swatches span:nth-child(1) { border-radius: 0 48px 0 0; }
.complementary-swatches span:nth-child(4) { border-radius: 0 0 0 48px; }
.value-swatches span:nth-child(1) { border-radius: 44px 0 0 44px; }
.value-swatches span:nth-child(4) { border-radius: 0 44px 44px 0; }

.relation-label {
  margin-top: 2px !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
}

.relation-card h3 {
  font-size: 25px;
}

.case-heading {
  align-items: center;
}

.section-link {
  justify-self: end;
  color: var(--gold);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.section-link span,
.case-link b,
.primary-link span,
.secondary-link span {
  margin-left: 7px;
  font-size: 18px;
}

.case-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.case-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 250, 241, 0.72);
}

.case-card a {
  display: grid;
  height: 100%;
}

.case-card img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 0.88;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center 17%;
  transition: transform 360ms ease;
}

.case-card:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.025);
}

.case-card-body {
  display: grid;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 13px;
  padding: 21px;
}

.case-card h3 {
  font-size: 25px;
  line-height: 1.34;
}

.case-card p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.case-swatches {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  height: 16px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.case-link {
  margin-top: 3px;
  color: var(--gold);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.case-link b {
  font-weight: 400;
}

.reading-steps {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.reading-steps li {
  display: grid;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 12px;
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 214px;
  padding: 23px 19px 25px;
}

.reading-steps li + li {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.reading-steps li > span {
  color: var(--gold);
  font: 700 14px/1 var(--serif);
}

.reading-steps strong {
  font-family: var(--title-serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.42;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.reading-steps p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.color-continuing {
  padding: 54px 13% 52px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  text-align: center;
}

.color-continuing .eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.color-continuing h2::after {
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
}

.color-continuing-copy {
  display: grid;
  max-width: 800px;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 24px auto 0;
}

.color-continuing-note {
  margin: 23px 0 0;
  color: var(--gold);
  font: 700 14px/1.5 var(--serif);
}

.color-closing {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.53fr) minmax(280px, 0.47fr);
  gap: 72px;
  align-items: end;
  padding: 72px 7%;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 82% 14%, rgba(238, 198, 105, 0.58), transparent 18rem),
    linear-gradient(120deg, #1b4646 0%, #2a5d60 47%, #b47b20 160%);
  color: #fff9eb;
}

.color-closing .eyebrow,
.color-closing h2 {
  color: #fff9eb;
}

.color-closing h2 {
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.color-closing-copy {
  display: grid;
  gap: 24px;
}

.color-closing-copy > p {
  color: rgba(255, 249, 235, 0.88);
}

.closing-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
}

.primary-link,
.secondary-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 47px;
  padding: 0 19px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 249, 235, 0.72);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.primary-link {
  background: #fff9eb;
  color: #244a4c;
}

.secondary-link {
  color: #fff9eb;
}

@media (max-width: 1080px) {
  .color-studies-hero {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(330px, 0.78fr);
    gap: 38px;
  }

  .color-studies-hero-art,
  .color-studies-hero-art img {
    min-height: 490px;
  }

  .coordinate-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .case-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .case-card-body {
    padding: 17px;
  }

  .case-card h3 {
    font-size: 22px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .color-studies-hero,
  .color-intro,
  .color-start,
  .section-heading,
  .color-closing {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .color-studies-hero {
    gap: 30px;
    padding-top: 30px;
  }

  .color-studies-hero-art,
  .color-studies-hero-art img {
    min-height: 430px;
  }

  .color-intro,
  .color-start,
  .section-heading {
    gap: 16px;
  }

  .section-heading > p {
    max-width: 650px;
  }

  .relation-grid,
  .case-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .case-card a {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(220px, 0.7fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .case-card img {
    height: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: auto;
  }

  .reading-steps {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .reading-steps li:nth-child(3) {
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .reading-steps li:nth-child(4) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .color-closing {
    gap: 30px;
    padding: 56px 9%;
  }

  .color-continuing {
    padding-right: 9%;
    padding-left: 9%;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .color-studies-hero h1 {
    font-size: 40px;
  }

  .color-study-section {
    padding: 40px 0;
  }

  .coordinate-grid,
  .reading-steps {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .coordinate-visual {
    height: 100px;
  }

  .case-card a {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .case-card img {
    height: auto;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 0.78;
  }

  .reading-steps li,
  .reading-steps li + li,
  .reading-steps li:nth-child(3),
  .reading-steps li:nth-child(4) {
    min-height: 0;
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .reading-steps li:first-child {
    border-top: 0;
  }

  .color-closing {
    padding: 46px 22px;
  }

  .color-start {
    padding: 36px 22px;
  }

  .color-start-nav a {
    grid-template-columns: 31px minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
    min-height: 54px;
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .color-continuing {
    padding: 42px 22px;
    text-align: left;
  }

  .color-continuing h2::after {
    margin-left: 0;
  }

  .color-continuing-copy {
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-left: 0;
  }
}